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Post-Stroke Rehabilitation: What Seniors Need to Know!

Written by Dr. Kirilyuk Inna Anatolyivna on Wed, 23 August 2023 β€” Fact checked by Dr. Pakanich Maria Petrivna

Key Highlights

  • Stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity in seniors.
  • Post-stroke rehabilitation is critical for seniors to help them enjoy their independence and quality of life.
  • Post-rehabilitation rehabilitation process involves different treatments, including - physical, cognitive, and technology-assisted therapies.
  • Post-stroke rehabilitation has several benefits for seniors, such as better physical function, improved cognition, better emotional well-being, and reduced healthcare costs.
  • Healthy lifestyle changes in seniors can help them prevent a stroke.
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Despite the advances in medicine and increased awareness among people, stroke is still one of the leading causes of morbidity in seniors. Besides making them dependent on others, strokes can also increase their financial burden. The kind of disability and degree of impairment after an episode of stroke depends upon the area of the brain that was damaged.

This blog sheds light on the importance of post-stroke rehabilitation, what it involves and how seniors can prevent a stroke.

What does the rehabilitation process involve

Post-stroke rehabilitation must begin early to help the individual regain their lost abilities and skills. In most cases, rehabilitation begins as early as 24-48 hours after the stroke episode while the individual is in the hospital.

This is very important for seniors as ageing affects their recovery abilities. It is also best if the rehabilitation begins under the supervision of their doctor and healthcare team. There is no hard and fast rule about the post-stroke rehabilitation process for seniors.

What does the rehabilitation process involve

Several approaches can be used to help seniors recover from their stroke episode. The primary technique of post-stroke rehabilitation is targeted towards focused and repetitive actions. The rehabilitation plan also depends upon factors like the part of the body affected by stroke, its severity and the individual's overall health. A typical post-stroke rehabilitation process may involve:

Physical therapy

  • Exercises for motor skills: These exercises help the individual develop or improve muscle strength and coordination throughout the body. These include muscles that are used for balance, walking, swallowing and even talking.
  • Mobility training: Some seniors may require mobility aids like walkers, canes, wheelchairs or an ankle brace to help strengthen different joints that support the body and help in movement.
  • Constraint-induced therapy: To get the affected limb to improve its function, the unaffected limb is restrained. This therapy is also called forced-use therapy.
  • Range-of-motion therapy: Some exercises and treatments can ease muscle tension and help the individual improve their range of motion.

Technology-assisted therapy

  • Functional electrical stimulation: In this treatment, electrical stimulation is applied to weakened muscles, causing them to contract. The electrical stimulation re-trains the muscles.
  • Robotic technology: In some cases, robotic devices can assist people with impaired limbs by performing repetitive motions. This helps regain muscle strength and function.
  • Wireless technology: An activity monitor that helps provides post-stroke support for seniors.

Cognitive therapy

  • Communication disorder therapy (Speech therapy)
  • Therapy for cognitive disorders
  • Psychological assessment and treatment
  • Medications

Benefits of Post-Stroke Rehabilitation for Seniors

Post-stroke rehabilitation can provide numerous benefits for seniors who have suffered a stroke, such as:

1. Improved physical function

Post-stroke rehabilitation can help seniors regain strength, flexibility, and mobility, which can improve their ability to perform activities of daily living, such as dressing, bathing, and eating.

2. Reduced risk of falls

Seniors who have suffered a stroke may be at an greater risk of falls due to balance and coordination issues. Rehabilitation can address these issues, reducing the risk of falls and the potential for further injury.

3. Enhanced cognitive function

Stroke can affect a senior's memory, attention, and other cognitive abilities. Rehabilitation can help seniors regain cognitive function, improving their ability to communicate, think, and remember.

4. Better emotional well-being

Stroke can be a traumatic experience, and many seniors may experience depression, anxiety, or other emotional challenges following a stroke. Rehabilitation can help seniors address these issues and improve their emotional well-being.

5. Higher quality of life

By addressing physical, cognitive, and emotional challenges, post-stroke rehabilitation can improve seniors' overall quality of life. They may feel more independent and confident in their abilities, leading to greater engagement in social and leisure activities.

6. Reduced healthcare costs

By addressing the physical and cognitive challenges that can arise following a stroke, rehabilitation can help seniors avoid complications that may require hospitalisation or other costly medical interventions. This can lead to reduced healthcare costs over time.

Overall, post-stroke rehabilitation can help seniors recover from the effects of a stroke and improve their physical, cognitive, and emotional well-being, leading to a better quality of life.

What factors influence the outcome of rehabilitation

The rehabilitation journey is different for everyone and depends upon the following factors:

  • The severity of damage to the brain
  • Age: Recovery may be the slowest in the elderly compared to adults and children.
  • The severity of other underlying health conditions in the individual
  • The type and intensity of the rehabilitation program
  • Cooperation and support from friends and family
  • Level of alertness, which determines if the individual is able to follow instructions given
  • How early the rehabilitation program or therapy was started
  • Modifications made to the workplace or home environment to improve safety and promote independence

How can seniors prevent a stroke from happening

Behaviour modification among seniors has been shown to help rehabilitation after a stroke. Here are some ways seniors can prevent a stroke or a repeat occurrence of one:

Lifestyle modification: Making specific changes to daily lifestyle, like eating healthy, regular physical exercise and maintaining a healthy weight, can help prevent stroke in seniors.

Maintaining normal blood pressure levels: High blood pressure is a significant risk factor for stroke. Seniors must take their prescribed medications, eat a healthy diet and exercise regularly to keep their blood pressure under control.

Quit smoking: Smoking increases the risk of stroke, and this is due to the build-up of fatty substances in the arteries. This contributes to a rise in blood pressure and makes the blood thicker. This increases the risk of blood clot formation in the vessels, precipitating a stroke.

Lower cholesterol levels: High cholesterol results in a build-up of fatty substances in the blood vessels, reducing the amount of blood and oxygen to the brain. This may trigger a stroke.

Manage heart disease: Heart diseases are common in the elderly population. Seniors must follow their doctor’s instructions to effectively manage their heart conditions by adhering to their medication list.

Effective management of diabetes: Diabetes damages blood vessels throughout the body, including those in the brain. Effectively managing diabetes and controlling blood sugar levels can prevent diabetes complications, including stroke. Seniors must take their medications, exercise for a minimum of 30 minutes daily, and eat a fibre-rich, diabetes-friendly diet to keep their blood sugar levels under check.

Conclusion

Stroke is a common condition that affects many seniors and can lead to a wide range of physical and cognitive issues. However, post-stroke rehabilitation can help them regain their strength, balance and independence by addressing these challenges through various therapies. Successful stroke recovery is possible with the right support from your healthcare team and loved ones.

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Dr. Kirilyuk Inna Anatolyivna

She is graduated from Vinnytsia National Medical University, in 2008.
2008-2010 resident, family practice.
2010-2015 General practitioner, family practice doctor.

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Our team of experts frequently monitors developments in the health and wellness field, and we update our articles when new information becomes available.

Current Version

Aug, 23 2023

Written By

Dr. Kirilyuk Inna Anatolyivna

Fact checked By

Dr. Pakanich Maria Petrivna